Karuna is a central concept in Buddhism that refers to the quality of compassion and empathy towards all living beings. It is the intention and action of alleviating the suffering of others and promoting their well-being. Karuna is considered one of the key virtues to cultivate on the path to enlightenment, as it helps practitioners develop a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness of all beings and the nature of suffering. Through the practice of Karuna, Buddhists aim to develop a selfless and unconditional love and compassion for all beings, leading to a more peaceful and harmonious world. **

In Buddhism, loving-kindness (Metta) and karuna (compassion) are both important virtues, but they have different focuses. Loving-kindness is the intention and practice of wishing well for oneself and others, cultivating a sense of goodwill and benevolence. On the other hand, karuna is the intention and practice of alleviating the suffering of oneself and others, cultivating a sense of empathy and compassion. While loving-kindness is about generating positive feelings and thoughts, karuna is about actively working to relieve the suffering of others. Both are essential qualities in the Buddhist path towards liberation and enlightenment. **

Stock dividends are additional shares of a company's stock that are distributed to existing shareholders as a form of dividend payment. Instead of receiving cash, shareholders receive more shares of the company's stock. This can be a way for a company to reward its shareholders without using cash, and it can also help to increase the number of shares outstanding. Stock dividends are typically expressed as a percentage, such as a 5% stock dividend, which means that for every 100 shares owned, the shareholder would receive an additional 5 shares. **

Yes, it can be worth investing in a stock portfolio with small amounts of money. Even small investments can grow over time through the power of compounding. Additionally, investing in a diversified portfolio of stocks can help spread risk and potentially provide better returns compared to keeping money in a savings account. With the accessibility of low-cost investment platforms and fractional shares, it is easier than ever to start investing with small amounts of money. However, it's important to do thorough research and consider the potential risks before investing. **

Market shares represent the percentage of total sales in a specific industry that a company holds. It is a measure of a company's competitiveness and its position relative to its competitors in the market. Market shares can be calculated based on revenue, units sold, or any other relevant metric. Companies with higher market shares typically have a larger influence on industry trends and are considered market leaders. **

In Islamic finance, stock trading is considered haram (forbidden) by some scholars due to the involvement of uncertainty (gharar) and speculation (maysir), which are prohibited in Islam. However, others argue that stock trading can be permissible if certain conditions are met, such as investing in Sharia-compliant companies and avoiding businesses that deal with haram activities like alcohol, gambling, or pork. Ultimately, it is recommended for individuals to seek guidance from knowledgeable scholars to ensure their investments align with Islamic principles. **

Stock trading can be considered a hobby for some individuals who enjoy researching and analyzing the stock market, making trades, and potentially earning profits. However, for others, stock trading is a serious financial activity that requires a significant amount of time, effort, and knowledge to be successful. Ultimately, whether stock trading is a hobby or not depends on the individual's level of interest, commitment, and purpose for engaging in the activity. **

Trading in commodities of daily necessities is not prohibited in the stock market because these commodities are essential for daily life and play a crucial role in the economy. Allowing trading in these commodities helps to ensure a fair and efficient market for these goods, allowing for price discovery and risk management. Additionally, it provides opportunities for producers and consumers to hedge against price fluctuations and manage their exposure to these essential goods. Overall, allowing trading in commodities of daily necessities in the stock market helps to facilitate the smooth functioning of the economy. **